Descriptions are given of 103 species and subspecies of the Miliolidae from the Miocene of Poland, including 9 new species and 1 new name. A new genus, Articularia, and a new subfamily, Sigmoilinitinae, comprising species which show a sigmoiline initial stage and not a quinqueloculine or cryptoquinqueloculine one, have also been separated. The distribution and stratigraphic range of the species under study in the Tortonian and Sarmatian of Poland have been discussed and the hypothetical palaeoecologic conditions prevailing in the coastal facies of the Miocene sea reconstructed.